敲黑板：反正我写文章从来不用，因为这些解释牵强到。。。。当我智商不存在啊？ One who will turn into the beneficiary if the initial beneficiary dies before the insured. It's the policyholder's next election as beneficiary, depending on the position of the first ... 解释：它包含施虐和受虐两个范畴，对他人施加痛苦可以导致自身的的乐趣则属于前者，如果接受痛苦可以导致自身的满足感则属于后者。其... https://situsbola02332.techionblog.com/36337941/the-basic-principles-of-login-bolaft